Microinverters and optimizers are two different kinds of devices. Keep track of what these terms mean, as they are not interchangeable. The example you show, uses optimizers.
How they are similar:
They are both module-level power conditioning devices that process the DC power from the modules, and also methods of satisfying 690.12 rapid shutdown.
How they are different:
1. Optimizers produce DC power, microinverters produce AC power at the grid voltage.
2. Optimizers are wired in series, microinverters are wired in parallel.
3. Optimizers rely on being connected to a string inverter for producing AC power for the grid, since they only convert DC to DC.
Moving on to the ampacity question:
690.8(A) spells out how to calculate Imax, which is the current that governs the ampacity calculations. For circuits that are uncontrolled, this is 1.25*total Isc, to account for sunlight exceeding 1 kW/m^2. For current-limited devices, such as optimizers, inverters, and microinverters, this comes directly off the datasheet.
690.8(B), then prescribes the first two conditions to be met.
690.8(B)(1): 1.25*Imax <= wire ampacity at termination/eqpt temperature rating. Usually 75C, read the fine print of 110.14(C) for more information.
690.8(B)(2): 1.00*Imax/total derate <= wire ampacity at wire temperature rating. Usually 90C.
These are not options. These are two separate conditions that need to both be satisfied.
Implied from other sections of the NEC, the wire needs to be protected at its ampacity, if there is an OCPD on the circuit in question. In your example, there isn't one needed or required, for paralleling the two optimizer strings in the inverter.
240.4: derated wire ampacity to "be protected" by the OCPD where required.
240.4/110.14(C): non-derated termination ampacity to "be protected" by the OCPD where required.
240.4(B) may allow us to consider it protected, as long as it "rounds up" to the OCPD we are using.
Depending on what edition of the NEC applies to you, the rooftop temperature adder has been modified as of NEC2017 so it only applies for conduits closer than 7/8" to the roof. If a previous version applies, you'll still have the various temperature adders for the temperature derate calculation.