To put it another way...The answer is that you do both, and use whichever wire size is greater.
If you are using equipment with 75C rated terminals (you almost always will be), then look up the conductor size in the table based on 75C.
Then do a temperature derating calculation using the wire you are using, which should be 90C. (Don't bother using anything not rated 90C for PV source circuits. Almost anything you buy nowadays will be rated 90C anyway.)
Whichever calc calls for the larger wire size, use that wire size. Since PV source circuits are often on roofs that get very hot, sometimes the temp calculation will call for a larger wire than the terminal rating does.
BTW, NM is not a valid wiring method for PV source circuits on the PV side of the disconnecting means.